Patents

• “A method of treating a degenerate spinal segment,” Bowden, A.E., Howell, L.L., Halverson, P.A., and Stratton, E.M., US Patent 8,172,883, assigned to Brigham Young University.

• "Spinal implant," Halverson, P.A., Howell, L.L., Magleby, S.P., and Bowden, A.E., U.S. Patent Application 20080195213, assigned to Brigham Young University, licensed to Crocker Spinal Technologies Inc.


• "Spinal implant," Halverson, P.A., Howell, L.L., Magleby, S.P., and Bowden, A.E., U.S. Patent Application 20100241232, assigned to Brigham Young University, licensed to Crocker Spinal Technologies, Inc.

• "Compliant dynamic spinal implant and associated methods,” Bowden, A.E., Howell, L.L., Halverson, P.A., and Stratton, E.M., US Patent Application 20100211106, assigned to Brigham Young University.

• "Systems and Methods for Forming a Protective Pad,” Bowden, A.E., Campbell, R.D., Dibb, R., Doyle, B., Lawson, D., Pharo, C., US Patent Application 20110256346 , assigned to XOAthletics.

• "Prestressed compliant dynamic spinal implant and associated methods," Bowden, A.E., Howell, L.L., Halverson, P.A., and Stratton, E.M., US Patent Application (not yet published), assigned to Brigham Young University.

• "Spinal implant capable of matching physiological motion in axial rotation, flexion-extension, and lateral bending," Halverson, P.A., Howell, L.L., and Bowden, A.E., U.S. Patent Application (not yet published), assigned to Brigham Young University.

• "Serpentine spinal stability device and associated methods," Dodgen, E., Howell, L.L., Bowden, A.E., US Patent Application (not yet published), assigned to Brigham Young University.Football Shoulder Pads,” Bowden, A.E., Doot, T., Fernelius, M., Pearson, J., Reece, D., Sanders, M., Shurtliff, M., US Patent Application (not yet published), assigned to XOAthletics.

• "Football Shoulder Pads," Bowden, A.E., Doot, T., Fernelius, M., Pearson, J., Reece, D., Sanders, M., Shurtliff, M., US Patent Application (not yet published), assigned to XOAthletics.

Book Chapters

• Bowden, A.E., Oneida, E., Bergström, J. (2009). Computer modeling and simulation of UHMWPE. The UHMWPE biomaterials handbook: 2nd edition. S.M. Kurtz. New York, Academic Press.


• MacDonald, D., Bowden, A.E., Kurtz, S.M. (2009). MicroCT analysis of wear and damage in UHMWPE. The UHMWPE biomaterials handbook: 2nd edition. S.M. Kurtz. New York, Academic Press.


• Bowden, A. E. (2006). Finite element modeling of the spine. The spine technology handbook. S. M. Kurtz and A. A. Edidin. New York, Academic Press.

Publications

• Robertson, D., Willardson, R., Parajuli, A., Cannon, A., Bowden, A.E. (2012) "The Lumbar Supraspinous Ligament Demonstrates Increased Material Stiffness and Strength on its Ventral Aspect," Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, in Press: Accepted 27 July 2012.


• Dodgen, E., Stratton, E., Bowden, A.E., Howell, L.L. (2012) “Spinal implant development, modeling, and testing to achieve customizable and nonlinear stiffness,” Journal of Medical Devices, DOI: 10.1115/1.4006543, Vol. 6, No. 2, 021010 (8 pages). 


• West, C.R., Bowden, A.E. (2012) “Using tendon inherent electric properties to consistently track induced mechanical strain,” Annals of Biomedical Engineering, Vol. 50, No. 7, 1568-1574.


• Halverson, P.A., A.E. Bowden, L.L. Howell (2012) “A compliant mechanism approach to achieving specific quality of motion in lumbar total disc replacement,” International Journal of Spine Surgery, In Press: Epub 24 May 2012.


• Sjovold, S.G., Q. Zhu, A.E. Bowden, C.R. Larson, P.M. de Bakker, M.L. Villarraga, J.A. Ochoa, D.M. Rosler, P.A. Cripton (2012) “Biomechanical evaluation of the total facet arthroplasty system  (TFAS(r)): Loading as compared to a rigid posterior instrumentation system,” European Spine Journal, DOI: 10.1007/s00586-012-2253-8, In Press, Epub 10 March 2012.


• Halverson, P.A., A.E. Bowden, L.L. Howell (2011) “A pseudo-rigid-body model of the human spine to predict implant-induced changes on motion,” J Mechanisms and Robotics, DOI: 10.1115/1.4004896, Vol. 3, No. 4, 041008 (7 pages).


• Bowden, A.E. (2011) “An important backdrop to the continued discussion on the use of antibiotic containing bone cements: Commentary on an article by Jill Meyer, PhD, et al.: Vacuum-mixing significantly changes antibiotic elution characteristics of commercially available antibiotic-impregnated bone cements,” J Bone Joint Surgery Am, DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.K.01144, Vol 93, No. 22, e125 1-2 (Invited).


• Shkolnikov, Y. P., A.E. Bowden, D. MacDonald, S.M. Kurtz (2010). “Wear pattern observations from TDR retrievals using autoregistration of voxel data,”  J Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31653, Vol 94B, No. 2, 312-217.


• Bowden, A.E., H.L. Guerin, M.L. Villarraga, A.G. Patwardhan, and J.A. Ochoa (2008). “Quality of motion considerations in numerical analysis of motion restoring implants of the spine.” Clinical Biomechanics 23(5):536-544.


• Halverson, P.A., L.L. Howell, and A.E. Bowden (2008). “A flexure-based bi-axial contact-aided compliant mechanism for spinal arthroplasty,” DETC2008-50121.


• Bergström, J. S., A. E. Bowden, C. M. Rimnac and S. M. Kurtz (2006). "Development and implementation of an advanced user material model for UHMWPE." 9th International LS-DYNA Users Conference: Material Modeling (1): 15-17.


• Mazzucco, D., A. E. Bowden and K. L. Ong (2006). "Examining failure causation in retrieved implant devices." Medical Device & Diagnostic Industry(Jan): 110-115.


• Bowden, A. E., S. M. Kurtz and A. A. Edidin (2005). "Validation of a micro-ct technique for measuring volumetric wear in retrieved acetabular liners." J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 75(1): 205-9.


• Bowden, A. E. (2003). Tools for deformable image registration. Department of Bioengineering, Doctoral Dissertation, University of Utah.


• Bowden, A. E., R. D. Rabbitt and J. A. Weiss (1998). "Anatomical registration and segmentation by warping template finite element models." SPIE 3254: 469-476.


• Weiss, J. A., A. E. Bowden and R. D. Rabbitt (1998). "Incorporation of medical image data in finite element models to track strain in soft tissues." SPIE 3254: 477-484.

Published Abstracts and Technical Reports:

• Von Forell, G., Bowden, A.E. (2012) “Biomechanical implications of spinal ligament transection,” Transactions of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Vol. 37, Abstract 2142.


• Cannon, A., Parajuli, A., Bowden, A.E. (2012) “Quantitative morphological classification of spinal ligament degeneration,” Transactions of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Vol. 37, Abstract 2321.


• Alsup, J., Fullwood, R., Bowden, A.E. (2012) “Mimicking the mechanical behavior of intervertebral disc degeneration,” Transactions of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Vol. 37, Abstract 2137.


• Stolworthy, D.K., Zirbel, S.A., Howell, L.L., Bowden, A.E. (2012) “Predicting rate-dependent lumbar spine biomechanics: range of motion, neutral zone, stiffness, and hysteresis,” Transactions of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Vol. 37, Abstract 1138.


• Stolworthy, D.K., Zirbel, S.A., Bowden, A.E., Howell, L.L (2012) “Non-intuitive changes in spine biomechanical response with testing temperature and compressive load,” Transactions of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Vol. 37, Abstract 1140.


• Robertson, D.J., Willardson, R.J., Cannon, A., Parajuli, A., Bowden, A.E. (2012) “Material properties vary anterior to posterior in the human supraspinous ligament,” Transactions of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Vol. 37, Abstract 1291.


• West, C.R., Bowden, A.E. (2012) “Tendon is its own strain gauge: inherent electric properties consistently measure induced strain,” Transactions of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Vol 37, Abstract 0131.


• Von Forell, G., Bowden, A.E. (2012) “Changes in Lumbar Spinal Ligament Stress Due to Isolated Transected Ligaments,” 20th Annual Symposium on Computational Methods in Orthopaedic Biomechanics, San Francisco, CA, Feb 3, 2012.


• Bowden, A.E. (2011) “A Standard of Competency for Evaluating the Engineering Efficacy of Medical Devices,” Sixth International Conference on Ethical Issues in Biomedical Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, April 1-3, 2011.


• Zirbel, S.A., Stolworthy, D.K., Howell, L.L, Bowden, A.E. (2011) “Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Alters Lumbar Spine Segmental Stiffness in All Modes of Loading Under a Compressive Follower Load,” New Horizons in Intervertebral Disc Research, Philadelphia, PA, November 16-18.


• Alsup, J., Fullwood, R., Bowden, A.E. (2011) “A cadaveric model of mechanical disc degeneration using incubated protease injections,” New Horizons in Intervertebral Disc Research, Philadelphia, PA, November 16-18.


• Stolworthy, D.K., Zirbel, S.A., Howell, L.L, Bowden, A.E. (2011) “A predictive model of rate-dependent spinal segment biomechanics,” New Horizons in Intervertebral Disc Research, Philadelphia, PA, November 16-18.


• Stolworthy, D. K., Zirbel, S.A., Samuels, Bowden, A.E., and L.L. Howell (2011) “Increased loading rate decreases hysteresis and rom in the human lumbar spine,” Transactions of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Vol. 36, Abstract 0784.


• Robertson, D., Bradshaw, R.,  Cannon, A., and A.E. Bowden (2011) “Nonlinear material response of individual cadaveric spinal ligaments obtained via anisotropic small punch test, Transactions of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Vol. 36, Abstract 0924.


• Halverson, P.A., A.E. Bowden, L.L. Howell (2011) “Prediction of adjacent-level degenerative-effects in the spine using the pseudo-rigid-body model,” Transactions of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Vol. 36, Abstract 0781.


• West, C., A.E. Bowden (2011) “Use of inherent electric properties of tendon to measure strain,” Transactions of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Vol. 36, Abstract 0925.


• Stolworthy, D.K., Zirbel, S.A., Bowden, A.E., Howell, L.L (2011) “Non-intuitive changes in spine biomechanical response with testing temperature and compressive load effects,” Proceedings of the 7th Annual Utah Biomedical Engineering Conference, Salt Lake City, UT, September 10.


• Alsup, J.S., Fullwood, R.A., Bowden, A.E. (2011) “Validation of a novel in vitro model of mechanical intervertebral disc degeneration,” Proceedings of the 7th Annual Utah Biomedical Engineering Conference, Salt Lake City, UT, September 10.


• Robertson, D., Cannon, A., Parajuli, R., Bowden, A.E. (2011) “Damage to the supraspinous ligament is more likely to affect patient biomechanics when present in ventral region,” Proceedings of the 7th Annual Utah Biomedical Engineering Conference, Salt Lake City, UT, September 10.


• Parajuli, A., Cannon, A., Bowden, A.E. (2011) “Microstructure based grading of spinal ligaments,” Proceedings of the 7th Annual Utah Biomedical Engineering Conference, Salt Lake City, UT, Sept 10.


• Reece, D., A.E. Bowden, P.A. Halverson, L.L. Howell (2011) “A clinically accessible numerical model for showing spinal motion following surgery,” Proceedings of the Utah Conference on Undergraduate Research, Ogden, UT, Feb 18.Ashworth, T., G.V. Forrell, A.E. Bowden (2010) “A comparison of hexahedral vs. tetrahedral elements on nonlinear modeling of the lumbar spine,” Proceedings of the Mountain West Bioengineering Conference, Park City, UT, Sept 10-11.


• Smith, S., A.E. Bowden (2010) “An open-source parametric model of the lumbar vertebrae,” Proceedings of the Mountain West Bioengineering Conference, Park City, UT, Sept 10-11.


• Robertson, D., R. Bradshaw, A. Cannon, A. Russell, A.E. Bowden (2010) “Anisotropic characterization of spinal ligament material response using a small punch test,”  Proceedings of the Mountain West Bioengineering Conference, Park City, UT, Sept 10-11.


• Stolworthy, D.K., S. Zirbel, L.L. Howell, A.E. Bowden (2010) “Effects of Temperature and Bending Rate on Biomechanical Analysis of the Human Lumbar Spine,” Proceedings of the Mountain West Bioengineering Conference, Park City, UT, Sept 10-11.


• Zirbel, S., D. K. Stolworthy, E. Dodgen, A.E. Bowden, L.L. Howell (2010) “Intervertebral disc degeneration alters lumbar spine segmental stiffness in all modes of loading under a compressive follower load,” Proceedings of the Mountain West Bioengineering Conference, Park City, UT, Sept 10-11.


• West, C., A.E. Bowden (2010) “Use of the inherent electric properties of tendon to measure strain,” Proceedings of the Mountain West Bioengineering Conference, Park City, UT, Sept 10-11.


• Sessions, J., T. Bishop, and A.E. Bowden (2009). Mechanical characterization of a bovine tail analog for enzymatic disc degeneration. Proc 55th Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society.


• Showalter, B.L., M.B. Hunter, and A.E. Bowden (2009). Validation of a modified small punch test for characterizing the material response of spinal ligaments. Proc 55th Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society.


• Halverson, P., A.E. Bowden, E. Stratton, D. Pearsall, and L.L. Howell (2009). The balanced spine: a passive mechanism for maintaining erect posture. Proc 55th Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society.


• Halverson, P., L.L. Howell, and A.E. Bowden (2008). The balanced spine: a passive mechanism for maintain erect posture. Proc Fourth Annual Mountain West Biomedical Engineering Conference, Park City, UT, Sep 5-6.


• Coleman, J.C., A.E. Bowden, S. Rundell, R.P. Nockels, and K.T. Foley (2008). Effect of semi-rigid posterior rods on kinematic stability and load distribution in the lumbar spine. Proc AANS/CNS, Chicago, IL, April 26-May 1.


• Halverson, P., A.E. Bowden and L.L. Howell (2008). Wearless total disc arthroplasty through compliant mechanism design. Spine Arthroplasty Summit 8, Miami, FL, May 6-9.


• Bowden, A.E., H.L. Guerin, M.L. Villarrage, A.G. Patwardhan, and J.A. Ochoa (2008). Higher order validation metrics are required when numerically modeling physiologic motion of the spine. Trans ORS 33: Poster 1360.


• Bowden, A. E., Y. P. Shkolnikov, D. MacDonald and S. M. Kurtz (2007). Automated microCT-based damage maps of explanted polymeric TDR components. The Spine Journal, Vol. 7(5S) 128S-129S.


• Kurtz, S. M., D. MacDonald, A. Von Ooij, J. Isaza, L. Ciccarelli, R. Ross, A. E. Bowden, A. Gl. Patwardhan (2007). Are one-sided wear patterns predictive of greater clinical wear in mobile bearing total disc replacements? The Spine Journal, Vol. 7(5S) 152S.


• Bowden, A. E., S. Rundell, J. Auerbach and R. Balderston (2007). Total disc replacement changes facet contact stresses in extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation. Spine Arthroplasty Summit 7, Berlin, Germany, May 1-4.


• Bowden, A. E., Y. Shkolnikov, D. MacDonald and S. M. Kurtz (2007). Development and validation of an automated microct-based technique for mapping damage of explanted polymeric components for TDR. Spine Arthroplasty Summit 7, Berlin, Germany, May 1-4.


• Coleman, J., A. E. Bowden, S. A. Rundell, R. P. Nockels and K. T. Foley (2007). Effect of a semi-rigid posterior implant on range of motion and load distribution in the lumbar spine: A finite element study. Spine Arthroplasty Summit 7, Berlin, Germany, May 1-4.


• Day, J., K. L. Ong, A. E. Bowden, M. Manley and S. M. Kurtz (2007). "A finite element comparison of bone conserving femoral stems." Trans ORS 32: Poster 1715.


• Kurtz, S. M., D. MacDonald, L. Ciccarelli, A. van Ooij, J. Isaza, R. Ross, A. E. Bowden and A. Patwardhan (2007). Are one-sided wear patterns predictive of greater clinical wear in mobile bearing TDRs? Spine Arthroplasty Summit 7, Berlin, Germany, May 1-4.


• Ong, K. L., A. E. Bowden, M. Manley, S. M. Kurtz and E. Munting (2007). "Biomechanics of a stemless, metaphyseal fixation femoral fixation design: Effects of screw fixation and interface conditions." Trans ORS 32: Poster 1714.


• Rundell, S., A. E. Bowden, J. Auerbach and R. Balderston (2007). Effects of Prodisc positioning on lumbar kinematics as determined using a specimen-specific finite element model. Spine Arthroplasty Summit 7, Berlin, Germany, May 1-4.


• Bowden, A. E., J. S. Bergström and S. M. Kurtz (2006). Rim fracture risk of highly crosslinked polyethylene total disc replacements. Spine Arthroplasty Summit 6, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, May 10-13.


• Bowden, A. E., A. A. Edidin and S. M. Kurtz (2006). "Simulating vertebral compression fracture." Trans ORS 31: Poster 1273.


• Bowden, A. E. and M. L. Villarraga (2006). In situ biomechanical investigation of a total facet replacement using finite element analysis. Spine Arthroplasty Summit 6, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, May 10-13.


• Bowden, A. E. and M. L. Villarraga (2006). "In situ biomechanics of total facet replacement using finite element analysis." Proc 21st Ann Mtg of NASS SIPP #4: 140.


• Rundell, S., A. E. Bowden, M. L. Villarraga, Q. Zhu and P. Cripton (2006). Validation of experimental implant-bone interface load measurement for a facet replacement device using finite element analysis. Spine Arthroplasty Summit 6, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, May 10-13.


• Bowden, A. E., S. M. Kurtz and A. A. Edidin (2005). "Validation of a microCT technique for measuring volumetric wear in retrieved acetabular liners." Trans ORS 30: Poster 1189.


• Bowden, A. E., S. M. Kurtz and A. A. Edidin (2005). Validation of a mCT technique for measuring volumetric wear in retrieved acetabular liners. SCANCO Medical mCT Users Meeting, Paoli, PA, June 3-5.


• Bowden, A. E., S. M. Kurtz and A. A. Edidin (2005). Biomechanical analysis of polyethylene stresses in the Charit„ total disc replacement. Spine Arthroplasty Summit 5, New York City, NY, May 4-7.


• Bowden, A. E., S. M. Kurtz, D. MacDonald and A. A. Edidin (2005). "Long-term 3D wear patterns in retrieved acetabular liners." Trans ORS 31: Poster 0668.


• Bowden, A. E., M. L. Villarraga, A. A. Edidin and S. M. Kurtz (2005). Advanced numerical modeling of spinal biomechanics. Proc Spine Research Symposium, Philadelphia, PA, Sep 27.


• Bowden, A. E., M. L. Villarraga, A. A. Edidin and S. M. Kurtz (2005). Numerical simulation of vertebral collapse. Proc Spine Research Symposium, Philadelphia, PA, Sep 27, 2005.


• Veress, A. I., J. A. Weiss, R. J. Gillies, A. E. Bowden, J.-P. Galons and R. D. Rabbitt (2002). "Deformable image registration of mouse brain MRI data using hyperelastic warping." Proc ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition IMECE2002: 32375.


• Yamauchi, Y. M., S. M. Highstein, C. King, A. E. Bowden, R. D. Rabbitt and R. Boyle (2002). "Displacement of the semicircular canal cupula for sinusoidal stimuli." Assn for Research in Otolaryngology Abstracts V25(125): 32.


• Weiss, J. A., A. I. Veress, A. E. Bowden, R. J. Gillies, J.-P. Galons and J. Guo (2001). "Local measurements of changes in shape and volume between serial volumetric medical images: Application to Niemann-Pick type C disease." Center for High Performance Computing News, University of Utah 12(3): 1-3.


• Bowden, A. E., R. D. Rabbitt and J. A. Weiss (1999). "Stress and strain in the human distal phalanx under indentation." Proc 21st Ann EMBS Conference (1st Joint with BMES): 512.


• Rabbitt, R. D., A. E. Bowden and J. A. Weiss (1999). Tracking nonlinear soft tissue strain using 3D medical image data and the finite element method. NIH Biomedical Imaging Symposium: Visualizing the Future of Biology and Medicine, NIH Campus, Jun 25-26.


• Bowden, A. E., R. D. Rabbitt and J. A. Weiss (1998). "Warping template finite element models into alignment with subject specific image data." ASME Advances in Bioengineering BED-39: 289-90.


• Bowden, A. E., R. D. Rabbitt and J. A. Weiss (1997). "Use of medical image data to compute strain fields in biological tissues." Proc ASME Summer Bioengineering Conference BED-35: 191-192.


• Yamauchi, Y. M., A. E. Bowden and R. D. Rabbitt (1997). "Finite element model of the vestibular semicircular canal ampulla and cupula." Proc ASME Summer Bioengineering Conference BED-35: 63-64.